The action of the compound 17β-estradiol in Fleischmann® yeast

Abstract

Water is an essential resource for the survival of living organisms and the balance of the planet; however, its quality has been compromised by the presence of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), which can cause damage to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the chemical characteristics of different types of estrogens and evaluate the toxic action of the compound 17β-estradiol on Fleischmann® yeast. A solution of 17β-estradiol, with purity greater than 99%, was prepared in ethanol and diluted to reach a concentration of 100 ng.L^-1. The yeast was cultured in a liquid medium containing water, 2% glucose, and 17β-estradiol, with exposure times of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. Colony growth was assessed on Petri dishes containing solid Sabouraud medium, while cell mortality rate and budding were analyzed by cell counting using a Neubauer chamber and methylene blue staining. The chemical characteristics of 17β-estradiol, such as low volatility, low water solubility, and high hydrophobicity, contribute to its persistence in the environment. Exposure of the yeast to the compound resulted in gradual inhibition of colony growth, with greater impact after 150 minutes. The study demonstrated that even low concentrations of 17β-estradiol caused toxic effects, increasing cell mortality and reducing budding after 90 minutes of exposure, indicating potential risks for other organisms and humans. The yeast stood out as an efficient bioindicator.