Identification of the determinants of severity for pedestrian injuries at Brazilian federal highways between 2017 and 2019: A multinomial logistic regression-based analysis

Abstract

The skin is the largest organ in the body and has several functions in the body: protection, nutrition, pigmentation and absorption. Frequent exposure to sunlight causes serious dermatological problems, which are stimulated by the incidence of ultraviolet radiation. One of the alternatives to inhibit the effects of ultraviolet rays is the use of sunscreen. When structuring alternatives that can produce a photoprotective effect, the use of products derived from plants gains positive results. The secondary metabolism of numerous plants produces organic compounds with a synergistic effect on photoprotection. Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that integrate phenolic compounds. The species Rhaphiodon echinus, known as “bentônica” has flavonoids in its biochemical composition. The present study aimed to evaluate the photoprotective potential, in vitro, of the aqueous extract of R. echinus. The aqueous extract of the plant was used in different concentrations 50, 100, 500 and 1000 μg / mL and spectrophotometer scans were performed at a wavelength of 290 to 320 nm with 5 nm intervals every 5 minutes. The results were calculated according to Mansur's equation to determine the sun protection factor. The product showed photoprotection at all concentrations evaluated >6_SPF, concentrations from 500 to 1000 μg / mL had a greater photoprotective effect with >25_SPF. However, more phytochemical and pharmacological studies are needed to better elucidate the molecules present in R. echinus extracts and their biological activity.