Reduction of salinity and sodicity of saline-sodic soils under filed condition in Brazilian semi-arid region

Abstract

The salinization process in irrigated areas in the semi-arid region of Brazil, constantly cause economic, social, and environmental problems. Therefore, the present research aimed at assessing the effect of different amounts of agricultural gypsum and cow manure associated with an artificial drainage system and salt leaching due to the application of amount of water in a saline-sodic soil under field condition. The experiment was carried out at the irrigated perimeter of Jacaré-Curituba, Poço Redondo, with an experimental design split into plots made of doses of gypsum corresponding to 0,0; 4,300.00 and 8,600.00 kg.ha^-1 combined with and without  organic matter, cow manure with 25,000.00 kg.ha^-1 and 0.00 kg.ha^-1. Each treatment (six in total) was repeated four times. Thus, 24 plots of 50 m² were monitored (split plot) with an area of 1.200 m². All treatments had an artificial drainage system in the center of the plot and the same amount of leach water was then added. The outcomes allowed us to understand that all treatments had the salinity and sodicity soil values reduced at the studied site. Moreover, the treatments with cow manure (source of organic matter) presented the best results, because soil electrical conductivity values (< 4 dS m^-1) reached the normal level to agricultural yield.