Perfil de resistência de enterobactérias em uroculturas de pacientes ambulatoriais na cidade de Aracaju/SE. Profile of resistant enterobacteria from urine cultures outpatients in the city of Aracaju / SE.
Keywords:
Infecção do Trato Urinário, Urocultura, EnterobactériasAbstract
As infecções do trato urinário (ITU) são causadas na maioria das vezes por enterobactérias e os agentes antimicrobianos apresentam um papel importante no tratamento e prevenção destas infecções. O trabalho objetivou conhecer os índices de resistência das enterobactérias às drogas utilizadas no tratamento das ITU em pacientes ambulatorias. No estudo foram analisadas 3.028 uroculturas realizadas no laboratório de análises clínicas da Unimed, na cidade de Aracaju-SE, no período de janeiro de 2012 a junho de 2012, oriundas do banco de dados eletrônico do laboratório em questão. As identificações das enterobactérias e os testes de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos (TSA) foram realizados através do sistema automatizado MicroScan (Walk Away-96). Das 3.028 uroculturas analisadas, 15,88% apresentaram resultados positivos. Dentre as positivas, 88,44% foram pacientes do sexo feminino. A faixa etária mais atingida foi ≥ 65 anos. Analisando a incidência dos microrganismos, a Escherichia coli foi o mais isolado, apresentando maior resistência as fluoroquinolonas, sulfonamidas e cefalosporinas de primeira geração. Em relação à produção de betalactamase de espectro estendido (ESBL), o Proteus mirabilis foi o principal produtor. O trabalho mostrou uma importante resistência das enterobactérias ao sulfonamidas, cefalosporinas e fluoroquinolonas, já aos aminoglicosídeos e carbapenêmicos não demonstram importantes índices de resistência.
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are caused most often by enterobacteria and antimicrobial agents have a major role in treatment and prevention of these infections. The study aimed to know the indexes of resistance of enterobacteria to the drugs used in the treatment of UTI in outpatients. In the study were
analyzed 3028 urine cultures performed in the Clinical Laboratory Unimed, in the city of Aracaju-SE, on period from January 2012 to June 2012, arising from the electronic database of the laboratory in question. The identifications of enterobacteria and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (TSA) were performed
through the automated system MicroScan (Walk Away-96). Of the 3028 urine cultures analyzed, 15.88% showed positive results. Among the positive, 88.44% were female patients. The most affected age group was ≥ 65 years. Analyzing the incidence of microorganisms, Escherichia coli was the most isolated,
showing greater resistance to fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides and first-generation cephalosporins. Regarding the production of Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), the Proteus mirabilis was the main producer. The study showed an important resistance of enterobacteria to sulfonamides,
cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, already to aminoglycosides and carbapenems did not show important indices of resistance.
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